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Spina Bifida

Spina bifida affects the neural tube that develops into the brain and spinal cord. The neural tube does not close completely. There are 3 forms of spina bifida:

• Occulta – mildest – usually no symptoms. There may be a small gap in one or more of the vertebrae of the spine. Usually no treatment is needed.

• Meningocele – the rarest form. In this form, a cyst or sac pokes through the open part of the spine. The cyst is removed surgically and development generally proceeds typically.

• Myelomeningocele – most severe form. The back may be closed surgically, however some degree of leg paralysis and bladder and bowel control problems occur. The higher the cyst is on the back, the more severe the paralysis.

Medical problems associated with myelomeningocele include hydrocephalus; tethered spinal cord resulting in leg weakness, scoliosis, pain in back or legs, and changes in bladder function; urinary tract infections; latex allergy; obesity; and digestive tract disorders. At least 80% of children with myelomeningocele have “normal intelligence” although some have learning problems.

Source: http://www.marchofdimes.com/pnhec/4439_1224.asp